重庆高教研究

科技的快速发展推动人工智能技术不断进步，以DeepSeek为代表的生成式人工智能正引发教育领域的一场认知革命。DeepSeek通过混合专家架构的动态路由机制、群体相对策略优化的推理验证框架，以及可解释性链式推理技术，构建了“精准调度—推理增强—认知表达”的技术闭环。这种技术创新促使通用内容生产工具升级为具备跨学科思维能力的认知伙伴，推动了“机器辅助”向“人机共智”的范式跃迁。凭借其超强的自然语言理解、跨模态内容生成和长链推理能力，DeepSeek系列模型从“教”“学”“育”3个维度推动学校教育深层变革。在“教”的维度，推动构建个性化、多元化、动态化的教学体系；在“学”的维度，协助打造沉浸式、自主化和可视化的学习形态；在“育”的维度，助力重塑能力为重、价值为先的育人理念。然而，技术创新助力学校教育变革的同时也会带来不可忽视的风险，如虚假信息冲击教育根基，隐性偏见侵蚀教育育人功能，认知依赖抑制主体性发展，以及数据泄露威胁教育隐私安全等。因此，应从构筑师生AI素养进阶体系，打造“师—机—生”协同共进的教育新生态，以及构建透明与公平的监管体系等方面激活生成式人工智能的赋能密码，助力教育数字化转型向善向好，为培养适应未来社会的创新人才筑牢坚实基础。

The rapid advancement of technology is propelling continual progress in artificial intelligence, exemplified by generative AI systems like DeepSeek, which are sparking a cognitive revolution in the educational sector. DeepSeek leverages a sophisticated architecture that integrates a dynamic routing mechanism for hybrid expert systems, a reasoning verification framework based on group relative strategy optimization, and interpretable chain reasoning technologies, creating a comprehensive technological loop characterized by “precision scheduling, reasoning enhancement, and cognitive expression.” The innovation transforms general content production tools into cognitive partners capable of interdisciplinary thinking, facilitating a paradigm shift from mere “machine-assisted” functions to a “human-machine co-intelligence” approach. With its strong natural language understanding and cross-modal content generation capabilities, DeepSeek promotes the construction of personalized, diversified, and dynamic teaching systems; in the “learning” dimension, it assists in creating immersive, autonomous, and visual learning forms; in the “nurturing” dimension, it helps to reshape the nurturing philosophy that prioritizes abilities and values. However, while technological innovation supports educational transformation in schools, it also brings significant risks, such as the impact to the foundations of education by false information, the erosion of educational nurturing functions by implicit biases, the suppression of individual development by cognitive dependence, and the threat to educational privacy security by data leaks. Therefore, it is necessary to activate the empowerment code of generative artificial intelligence from the aspects such as constructing an advanced system of AI literacy for teachers and students, creating a new educational ecosystem of “teacher-machine-student” collaborative progress, and building a transparent and fair regulatory system, to help promote the positive transformation of educational digitalization and lay a solid foundation for cultivating innovative talents adaptable to the future society.